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Fission And Fusion

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Science & Reason on Facebook: tinyurl.com Physics (Chapter 1): Fission And Fusion. — Subscribe to Science & Reason: • www.YouTube.com • www.YouTube.com • www.YouTube.com • www.YouTube.com — Consider the earth and a rocket ship which are bound together by gravity. If it takes work or energy to pull them apart, then the binding energy is the amount of energy it takes to completely separate them. Similarly the binding energy in a nucleus is the amount of energy it takes to completely separate the protons and neutrons, (collectively called nucleons.) There are two forces acting inside the nucleus of atoms. The nuclear force — a residuum of the strong force that holds quarks together — is pulling the neutrons and protons together — and the electric charge on the protons is pushing them apart. The strong force is a lot stronger than the electric force at short ranges up to two and a half times the proton diameter, but at larger distances the electric force dominates. This increase in binding energy continues until we get to iron and nickel where the nucleus has about 60 nucleons in it. At this point, the nucleus has a radius more than two and a half nucleons wide, which you remember is the range at which the repulsive ElectroMagnetic Force begins to dominate.. . So as we add nucleons past this point the electric force trying to tear the nucleus apart starts winning and each added nucleon is a little less-tightly bound. — The Cassiopeia Project is an effort to make high

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Heavy Ion Collision Event Animation

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Early heavy ion events in first heavy-ion fill with stable beam collisions seen in the ATLAS Experiment, 8 November 2010.

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Why the LHC isn’t Scary

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Ugh. People freaking out about science with no good reason to gives me a headache.

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IMAX: Cosmic Voyage HD pt 4/4 (Narrated by Morgan Freeman)

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Explore the Universe from its tiniest particle to its greatest expanse. Cosmic Voyage begins on Earth, firmly grounded in human perspective, and asks a fascinating question: Where exactly do we stand in the vastness of the cosmos? Where, between quark and quasar, is our place in space and time? You depart from Venice, where Galileo first demonstrated the use of the telescope. In 26 “”powers of ten”" stages, you ascend through our solar system and the Milky Way to the outer edges of the observable universe. Returning to Earth, you enter a drop of water and descend through sixteen ever-diminishing circles to the universe’s tiniest particle, a quark. The film features a “”cosmic zoom”" as viewers are transported across millions of years as galaxies collide, the solar system forms and life begins on a young planet Earth. Follow UFO Report on Twitter @ twitter.com Through the Wormhole With Morgan Freeman: Episodes 1-8- www.youtube.com IMAX: Hubble 3D Trailer- www.youtube.com Solar System 101- www.youtube.com The Size of The Universe- www.youtube.com The Known Universe (Take A Journey through The Stars)- www.youtube.com UFO Report Live Website- www.uforeportlive.ning.com

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IMAX: Cosmic Voyage HD pt 3/4 (Narrated by Morgan Freeman)

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Explore the Universe from its tiniest particle to its greatest expanse. Cosmic Voyage begins on Earth, firmly grounded in human perspective, and asks a fascinating question: Where exactly do we stand in the vastness of the cosmos? Where, between quark and quasar, is our place in space and time? You depart from Venice, where Galileo first demonstrated the use of the telescope. In 26 “”powers of ten”" stages, you ascend through our solar system and the Milky Way to the outer edges of the observable universe. Returning to Earth, you enter a drop of water and descend through sixteen ever-diminishing circles to the universe’s tiniest particle, a quark. The film features a “”cosmic zoom”" as viewers are transported across millions of years as galaxies collide, the solar system forms and life begins on a young planet Earth. Follow UFO Report on Twitter @ twitter.com Through the Wormhole With Morgan Freeman: Episodes 1-8- www.youtube.com IMAX: Hubble 3D Trailer- www.youtube.com Solar System 101- www.youtube.com The Size of The Universe- www.youtube.com The Known Universe (Take A Journey through The Stars)- www.youtube.com UFO Report Live Website- www.uforeportlive.ning.com

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Multiple Stellar Baby Booms In A Globular Cluster

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Hubblecast 04: Hubble Finds Multiple Stellar Baby Booms In A Globular Cluster (HD) — Subscribe to Science & Reason: • www.YouTube.com • www.YouTube.com • www.YouTube.com — New Hubble observations of the massive globular cluster NGC 2808 provide evidence that it has three generations of stars instead of one as current theories predict. Credit: • ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & LL Christensen), Daniel Verschatse – Observatorio Antilhue – Chile • Narration: Dr. Robert Fosbury • Design: Martin Kornmesser • Web Technical Support: Lars Holm Nielsen, Raquel Yumi Shida • Cinematographer: Peter Rixner (www.perix.de) • Script: Lars Lindberg Christensen • Director: Lars Lindberg Christensen Dr. J is a German astronomer at the ESO. His scientific interests are in cosmology, particularly on galaxy evolution and quasars. Dr. J’s real name is Joe Liske and he has a PhD in astronomy. Hubble European Space Agency Information Centre Garching/Munich, Germany • www.spacetelescope.org • http .

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Cosmic Visions: New Space Science Missions

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Please join us on Facebook for the latest science news and videos: tinyurl.com Cosmic Visions: New ESA Space Science Missions Move Forward. Under its Cosmic Vision initiative, the European Space Agency has selected three medium-sized science missions to enter the definition phase. Spacecraft to study dark energy, Earth-like exoplanets and our own Sun now have to prove that they can be built within the allocated budgets. 2011, just two of them will be retained to go forward for launches no earlier than 2017. This movie describes the three missions Euclid, Plato and Solar Orbiter. — Please subscribe to Science & Reason: • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com — Since the early ’60s, ESA has excelled in pushing back the frontiers in space science: exploring the nearest planets and the most distant celestial bodies of our solar system; lifting the veil with powerful telescopes on galaxy and star formation and probing the most violent processes in the Universe; and better understanding its evolution since the Big Bang. The three selected missions are the finalists from some 50 proposals which were whittled down to just six in late 2007 and submitted for industrial assessment. In February, the Agency’s Science Programme Committee pared down the choice once more. The project called Euclid will investigate key issues in physics, cosmology and general relativity. Until about 30 years ago astronomers thought the Universe was composed of ordinary

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IMAX: Cosmic Voyage pt 1/4 (Narrated by Morgan Freeman)

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Explore the Universe from its tiniest particle to its greatest expanse. Cosmic Voyage begins on Earth, firmly grounded in human perspective, and asks a fascinating question: Where exactly do we stand in the vastness of the cosmos? Where, between quark and quasar, is our place in space and time? You depart from Venice, where Galileo first demonstrated the use of the telescope. In 26 “”powers of ten”" stages, you ascend through our solar system and the Milky Way to the outer edges of the observable universe. Returning to Earth, you enter a drop of water and descend through sixteen ever-diminishing circles to the universe’s tiniest particle, a quark. The film features a “”cosmic zoom”" as viewers are transported across millions of years as galaxies collide, the solar system forms and life begins on a young planet Earth. Follow UFO Report on Twitter @ twitter.com Through the Wormhole With Morgan Freeman: Episodes 1-8- www.youtube.com IMAX: Hubble 3D Trailer- www.youtube.com Solar System 101- www.youtube.com The Size of The Universe- www.youtube.com The Known Universe (Take A Journey through The Stars)- www.youtube.com UFO Report Live Website- www.uforeportlive.ning.com

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IMAX: Cosmic Voyage HD pt 2/4 (Narrated by Morgan Freeman)

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Explore the Universe from its tiniest particle to its greatest expanse. Cosmic Voyage begins on Earth, firmly grounded in human perspective, and asks a fascinating question: Where exactly do we stand in the vastness of the cosmos? Where, between quark and quasar, is our place in space and time? You depart from Venice, where Galileo first demonstrated the use of the telescope. In 26 “”powers of ten”" stages, you ascend through our solar system and the Milky Way to the outer edges of the observable universe. Returning to Earth, you enter a drop of water and descend through sixteen ever-diminishing circles to the universe’s tiniest particle, a quark. The film features a “”cosmic zoom”" as viewers are transported across millions of years as galaxies collide, the solar system forms and life begins on a young planet Earth. Follow UFO Report on Twitter @ twitter.com Through the Wormhole With Morgan Freeman: Episodes 1-8- www.youtube.com IMAX: Hubble 3D Trailer- www.youtube.com Solar System 101- www.youtube.com The Size of The Universe- www.youtube.com The Known Universe (Take A Journey through The Stars)- www.youtube.com UFO Report Live Website- www.uforeportlive.ning.com

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The Missing Universe: Searching For Anti And Dark Matter

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Please join us on Facebook for the latest science news and videos: tinyurl.com ESA Space Science: Anti and Dark Matter Detective AMS – Searching for the missing Universe — Please subscribe to Science & Reason: • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com — The purpose of the anti and dark matter detective AMS is to help scientists to better understand fundamental issues on the origin and structure of the Universe by observing antimatter and dark matter. As a by-product, AMS will gather a lot of other information from cosmic radiation sources on stars and galaxies millions of light years from our home galaxy. Not only astronomers, but also particle physicists are zealously waiting for AMS data. The AMS experiment is led by Nobel laureate Samuel Ting of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and it involves international team composed of 56 institutes from 16 countries. ESA’s partner in the AMS collaboration is the Agency’s Directorate of Human Spaceflight. The first version of the experiment, AMS-01, was flown in June 1998 aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery and, after promising results the bigger and more capable version was accepted to be flown on the International Space Station (ISS). • www.esa.int — What are ‘dark matter’ and ‘dark energy’? The content of the Universe is widely thought to consist of three types of substance: normal matter, dark matter and dark energy. Normal matter consists of the atoms that make up stars

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